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Phoca vitulina Seehund

Phoca vitulina wird umgangssprachlich oft als Seehund bezeichnet. Haltung im Aquarium: Nicht für Heimaquarien geeignet. Giftigkeit: Vergiftungsgefahr unbekannt.

Profilbild Urheber Muelly

Phoca vitulina, Nordsee 2015, Copyright Muelly




Eingestellt von Muelly.

Bilddetail

Steckbrief

lexID:
7567 
AphiaID:
137084 
Wissenschaftlich:
Phoca vitulina 
Umgangssprachlich:
Seehund 
Englisch:
Common Seal, Harbor Seal 
Kategorie:
Meeressäuger 
Stammbaum:
Animalia (Reich) > Chordata (Stamm) > Mammalia (Klasse) > Carnivora (Ordnung) > Phocidae (Familie) > Phoca (Gattung) > vitulina (Art) 
Erstbestimmung:
Linnaeus, 1758 
Vorkommen:
Aleuten, Arktis (Nordpolarmeer), Britische Inseln, Europäische Gewässer, Färöer-Inseln, Golf von Kalifornien / Baja California, Grönland (Kalaallit Nunaat), Island, Isle of Man, Japan, Kanada, Labrador, Lofoten, Mexiko (Ostpazifik), Neufundland, Nordsee, Ostsee, Portugal, Russland, Skandinavien, Spitzbergen (Svalbard), USA 
Meerestiefe:
1 - 50 Meter 
Größe:
170 cm - 190 cm 
Temperatur:
-2°C - 28°C 
Futter:
Felsgarnelen, Garnelen, Heringe, Kleine Fische, Krustentiere, Räuberische Lebensweise, Tintenfische, Sepien, Kraken, Kalmare (Cephalopoda) 
Schwierigkeitsgrad:
Nicht für Heimaquarien geeignet 
Nachzucht:
Keine 
Giftigkeit:
Vergiftungsgefahr unbekannt 
CITES:
Anhang II (kommerzieller Handel nach einer Unbedenklichkeitsprüfung des Ausfuhrstaates möglich) 
Rote Liste:
LC Nicht bedroht 
Verwandte Arten im
Catalogue of Life:
 
Author:
Publisher:
Meerwasser-Lexikon.de
Erstellt:
Zuletzt bearbeitet:
2020-04-04 19:19:09 

Haltungsinformationen

Linnaeus, 1758

Phoca vitulina und seine drei Unterarten

-Phoca vitulina mellonae Doutt, 1942
-Phoca vitulina richardii Gray, 1864
-Phoca vitulina vitulina Linnaeus, 1758

sind von den extrem kalten arktischen Gewässern bis in die tropisch warmen Gewässer Mexios vertreten.

Neben Fischen wie Hering und Dorsch stehen Tintenfische und diverse Krustentiere auf dem Speisezettel dieser allseit gut bekannten Säuger, die alerdings zunehmend unter der Verschmutzung ihrer Lebensräume leiden und Umweltgifte in ihren Körpern speichern, die von ihren Futtertieren stammen.

Classification: Biota > Animalia (Kingdom) > Chordata (Phylum) > Vertebrata (Subphylum) > Gnathostomata (Superclass) > Tetrapoda (Superclass) > Mammalia (Class) > Theria (Subclass) > Carnivora (Order) > Caniformia (Suborder) > Pinnipedia (Infraorder) > Phocidae (Family) > Phoca (Genus)

Wissenschaftliche Literatur

  1. Essential and Toxic Elements in Blood Samples of Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) from the Islands Helgoland (North Sea) and Anholt (Baltic Sea): A Comparison Study with Urbanized Areas, Kakuschke, Antje; Griesel, Simone , 2016
  2. Modified technique for the subcutaneous implantation of radio transmitters in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) under field conditions, S. Manugian; W. Van Bonn; J. T. Harvey, 2015
  3. Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology of the Eastern Pacific Harbour Seal (Phoca vitulina richardii), Aalderink, M.T.; Nguyen, H.P.; Kass, P.H.; Arzi, B.; Verstraete, F.J.M. , 2015
  4. Unique fur and skin structure in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)--thermal insulation, drag reduction, or both?, Erdsack, N.; Dehnhardt, G.; Witt, M.; Wree, A.; Siebert, U.; Hanke, W. , 2015
  5. Acoustic analysis of airborne, underwater, and amphibious mother attraction calls by wild harbor seal pups (Phoca vitulina), Sauve, C. C.; Beauplet, G.; Hammill, M. O.; Charrier, I. , 2015
  6. Endocrine and immunological responses to adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) administration in juvenile harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) during winter and summer, Keogh, Mandy J.; Atkinson, Shannon , 2015
  7. Grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) predation on harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) on the island of Helgoland, Germany, van Neer, Abbo; Jensen, Lasse Fast; Siebert, Ursula , 2015
  8. Hearing thresholds of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) for playbacks of seal scarer signals, and effects of the signals on behavior, Kastelein, Ronald A.; Helder-Hoek, Lean; Gransier, Robin; Terhune, John M.; Jennings, Nancy; de Jong, Christ A. F. , 2015
  9. Harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) PMN and monocytes release extracellular traps to capture the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, Reichel, Maria; Muñoz-Caro, Tamara; Sanchez Contreras, Guillermo; Rubio García, Ana; Magdowski, Gerd; Gärtner, Ulrich; Taubert, Anja; Hermosilla, Carlos , 2015
  10. Integrating genetic data and population viability analyses for the identification of harbour seal ( Phoca vitulina ) populations and management units, Olsen, Morten T.; Andersen, Liselotte W.; Dietz, Rune; Teilmann, Jonas; Härkönen, Tero; Siegismund, Hans R. , 2014
  11. ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA IN SIX HARBOR SEALS ( PHOCA VITULINA SPP.), Flower, Jennifer E.; Gamble, Kathryn C.; Stone, Michael; Lyons, Jeremiah A.; Maganti, Rajanikanth J.; Tuomi, Pamela A.; Olds, June E.; Sims, Michele A.; Gauger, Phillip; Tuttle, Allison D. , 2014
  12. Analysis of blood gases, serum fat and serum protein: a new approach to estimate survival chances of stranded Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups from the German North Sea, Witte, Katharina A; Driver, Jörg; Rosenberger, Tanja; Adler, Sven; Siebert, Ursula , 2014
  13. Plastic ingestion by harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in The Netherlands, Bravo Rebolledo, Elisa L.; Van Franeker, Jan A.; Jansen, Okka E.; Brasseur, Sophie M.J.M. , 2013
  14. Habitat use by harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in a seasonally ice-covered region, the western Hudson Bay, C. E. Bajzak, W. Bernhardt, A. Mosnier, M. O. Hammill, I. Stirling, 2013
  15. Are harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) able to perceive and use polarised light?, Hanke, Frederike D.; Miersch, Lars; Warrant, Eric J.; Mitschke, Fedor M.; Dehnhardt, Guido , 2013
  16. Assay dependence ofBrucellaantibody prevalence in a declining Alaskan harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) population, Karsten Hueffer, Scott M Gende, Todd M O’Hara, 2013
  17. Movements and site fidelity of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in Kattegat, Denmark, with implications for the epidemiology of the phocine distemper virus, Dietz, R.; Teilmann, J.; Andersen, S. M.; Riget, F.; Olsen, M. T. , 2013
  18. Complete Genome Sequence of Phocine Distemper Virus Isolated from a Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina) during the 1988 North Sea Epidemic, de Vries, R. D.; Verburgh, R. J.; van de Bildt, M. W. G.; Osterhaus, A. D. M. E.; de Swart, R. L. , 2013
  19. Vibrissal touch sensing in the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina): how do seals judge size?, Grant, Robyn; Wieskotten, Sven; Wengst, Nina; Prescott, Tony; Dehnhardt, Guido , 2013
  20. A METHOD FOR PREDICTING HARBOR SEAL ( PHOCA VITULINA ) HAULOUT AND MONITORING LONG-TERM POPULATION TRENDS WITHOUT TELEMETRY, COWLES, JONATHAN D.; HENSON, SHANDELLE M.; HAYWARD, JAMES L.; CHACKO, MATTHEW W. , 2013
  21. Declining concentrations of persistent PCBs, PBDEs, PCDEs, and PCNs in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from the Salish Sea, Ross, Peter S.; Noël, Marie; Lambourn, Dyanna; Dangerfield, Neil; Calambokidis, John; Jeffries, Steven , 2013
  22. Dynamics ofVibriowith Virulence Genes Detected in Pacific Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) Off California: Implications for Marine Mammal Health, Hughes, Stephanie N.; Greig, Denise J.; Miller, Woutrina A.; Byrne, Barbara A.; Gulland, Frances M. D.; Harvey, James T. , 2013
  23. Relationships between in vitro lymphoproliferative responses and levels of contaminants in blood of free-ranging adult harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) from the North Sea, Dupont, Aurélie; Siebert, Ursula; Covaci, Adrian; Weijs, Liesbeth; Eppe, Gauthier; Debier, Cathy; De Pauw-Gillet, Marie-Claire; Das, Krishna , 2013
  24. Postrelease movement of rehabilitated harbor seal ( Phoca vitulina richardii ) pups compared with cohort-matched wild seal pups, Gaydos, Joseph K.; Ignacio Vilchis, L.; Lance, Monique M.; Jeffries, Steven J.; Thomas, Austen; Greenwood, Vanessa; Harner, Penny; Ziccardi, Michael H. , 2013
  25. Sex- and age-specific survival of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from Tugidak Island, Alaska, Kelly K. Hastings, Robert J. Small and Grey W. Pendleton, 2012
  26. HIATAL HERNIA IN A HARBOR SEAL ( PHOCA VITULINA ) PUP, Biancani, Barbara; Field, Cara L; Dennison, Sophie; Pulver, Robert; Tuttle, Allison D , 2012
  27. Response of common seals (Phoca vitulina) to human disturbances in the Dollard estuary of the Wadden Sea, Nynke Osinga; Sandra B. Nussbaum; Paul M. Brakefield; Helias A. Udo de Haes, 2012
  28. Seals like it hot: Changes in surface temperature of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) from late pregnancy to moult, W. Paterson; C.E. Sparling; D. Thompson; P.P. Pomeroy; J.I. Currie; D.J. McCafferty, 2012
  29. Spatial trends of perfluorochemicals in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from Danish waters, Rune Dietz; Frank F. Rigét; Anders Galatius; Christian Sonne; Jonas Teilmann; Rossana Bossi, 2012
  30. The effects of experimentally induced hyperthyroidism on the diving physiology of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), Weingartner, Gundula M.; Thornton, Sheila J.; Andrews, Russel D.; Enstipp, Manfred R.; Barts, Agnieszka D.; Hochachka, Peter W. , 2012
  31. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in multiple tissues of wild and captive harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) off the California coast, Leslie R. Germain; Matthew D. McCarthy; Paul L. Koch; James T. Harvey, 2012
  32. Likely effects of construction of Scroby Sands offshore wind farm on a mixed population of harbour Phoca vitulina and grey Halichoerus grypus seals, Eleanor R. Skeate; Martin R. Perrow; James J. Gilroy, 2012
  33. Organic halogenated contaminants in mother–fetus pairs of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) from Alaska, 2000–2002, Dongli Wang; Shannon Atkinson; Anne Hoover-Miller; Weilin L. Shelver; Qing X. Li, 2012
  34. Acanthocephalans in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) and a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) on St. Paul Island, Alaska: species, prevalence, and biodiversity in four fur seal subpopulations, T. A. Kuzmina, O. I. Lisitsyna, E. T. Lyons, T. R. Spraker, S. C. Tolliver, 2012
  35. Foraging distribution of Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) in a highly impacted estuary, Emma K. Grigg, Sara G. Allen, Deborah E. Craven-Green, A. Peter Klimley, Hal Markowitz and Deborah L. Elliott-fisk, 2012
  36. Patterns of Stranding and Mortality in Common Seals (Phoca vitulina) and Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) in The Netherlands between 1979 and 2008, Osinga, N.; Shahi Ferdous, M.M.; Morick, D.; García Hartmann, M.; Ulloa, J.A.; Vedder, L.; Udo de Haes, H.A.; Brakefield, P.M.; Osterhaus, A.D.M.E.; Kuiken, T. , 2012
  37. DETECTION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SP. IN TWO NEW SEAL SPECIES, PHOCA VITULINA AND CYSTOPHORA CRISTATA, AND A NOVEL CRYPTOSPORIDIUM GENOTYPE IN A THIRD SEAL SPECIES, PAGOPHILUS GROENLANDICUS, FROM THE GULF OF MAINE, A. L. Bass, C. C. Wallace, P. O. Yund and T. E. Ford, 2012
  38. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in North-eastern Atlantic harbor seal (Phoca vitulina vitulina) and grey seal (Halichoerus grypus), O. Cabezón; A.J. Hall; C. Vincent; M. Pabón; I. García-Bocanegra; J.P. Dubey; S. Almería, 2011
  39. Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a harbour seal (Phoca vitulina), Fravel, V.; Van Bonn, W.; Rios, C.; Gulland, F. , 2011
  40. Parasites of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Glacier Bay and Prince William Sound, Alaska, J. K. Herreman; A. D. McIntosh; R. K. Dziuba; G. M. Blundell; M. Ben-David; E. C. Greiner, 2011
  41. Hydrodynamic discrimination of wakes caused by objects of different size or shape in a harbour seal (Phoca vitulina), Wieskotten, S.; Mauck, B.; Miersch, L.; Dehnhardt, G.; Hanke, W. , 2011
  42. Contrast sensitivity in a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina), Frederike D. Hanke; Christine Scholtyssek; Wolf Hanke; Guido Dehnhardt, 2011
  43. Quantification of total mercury in liver and heart tissue of Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) from Alaska USA, Kady B. Marino; Anne Hoover-Miller; Suzanne Conlon; Jill Prewitt; Stephen K. O'Shea, 2011
  44. Near-threshold equal-loudness contours for harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) derived from reaction times during underwater audiometry: A preliminary study, Kastelein, Ronald A.; Wensveen, Paul J.; Terhune, John M.; de Jong, Christ A. F. , 2011
  45. Accumulation features of trace elements in mass-stranded harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in the North Sea coast in 2002: The body distribution and association with growth and nutrition status, Tetsuro Agusa; Shin-ya Yasugi; Asami Iida; Tokutaka Ikemoto; Yasumi Anan; Thijs Kuiken; Albert D.M.E. Osterhaus; Shinsuke Tanabe; Hisato Iwata, 2011
  46. Genetic Variation in the Harbor Seal ( Phoca vitulina ) and Spotted Seal ( Phoca largha ) Around Hokkaido, Japan, Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Sequences, Nakagawa, Emiko; Kobayashi, Mari; Suzuki, Masatsugu; Tsubota, Toshio , 2010
  47. Earlier pupping in harbour seals, Phoca vitulina, Reijnders, P. J. H.; Brasseur, S. M. J. M.; Meesters, E. H. W. G. , 2010
  48. Population substructure of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) in Washington State using mtDNA, Huber, H. R.; Jeffries, S. J.; Lambourn, D. M.; Dickerson, B. R. , 2010
  49. Hydrodynamic determination of the moving direction of an artificial fin by a harbour seal (Phoca vitulina), Wieskotten, S.; Dehnhardt, G.; Mauck, B.; Miersch, L.; Hanke, W. , 2010
  50. The impact of glide phases on the trackability of hydrodynamic trails in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina), Wieskotten, S.; Dehnhardt, G.; Mauck, B.; Miersch, L.; Hanke, W. , 2010

Weiterführende Links

  1. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (multi). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.
  2. Marine Species Identification Portal (en) (Archive.org). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.
  3. Reefcolors (en). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.
  4. World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) (en). Abgerufen am 07.08.2020.

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